| Hilary Evans, who intended travelling 3,000 miles in a fortnight - on a bike |
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LlGC ~ NLW
Teitl Cymraeg/Welsh title: Hilary Evans, oedd yn bwriadu teithio 3,000 o filltiroedd mewn pythefnos - ar gefn beic.
Ffotograffydd/Photographer: Geoff Charles (1909-2002)
Nodyn/Note: An image of Hilary Evans of Trefriw with his bike, on which he intended travelling 3,000 miles in a fortnight
Dyddiad/Date: September 10, 1959
Cyfrwng/Medium: Negydd ffilm / Film negative
Cyfeiriad/Reference: (gch20886)
Rhif cofnod / Record no.: 3470373
Rhagor o wybodaeth am gasgliad Geoff Charles yn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
More information about the Geoff Charles Collection at the National Library of Wales |
| The Future of Travel |
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The National Archives UK
Description: Photograph of Frankfurt airport collected by the Joint Intelligence Bureau Library.
Date: Before 1937
Our Catalogue Reference: WO 252/257
This image is from the collections of The National Archives. Feel free to share it within the spirit of the Commons.
For high quality reproductions of any item from our collection please contact our image library. |
| Trip for fatherless children |
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LlGC ~ NLW
Teitl Cymraeg/Welsh title: Trip i blant ddi-dad
Ffotograffydd/Photographer: Geoff Charles (1909-2002)
Dyddiad/Date: August 1, 1952
Cyfrwng/Medium: Negydd ffilm / Film negative
Cyfeiriad/Reference: (gch03347)
Rhif cofnod / Record no.: 3368677
Rhagor o wybodaeth am gasgliad Geoff Charles yn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
More information about the Geoff Charles Collection at the National Library of Wales |
| Oswestry Old Folks' Club's annual outing to the seaside |
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LlGC ~ NLW
Teitl Cymraeg/Welsh title:
Ffotograffydd/Photographer: Geoff Charles (1909-2002)
Nodyn/Note:
Dyddiad/Date:
Cyfrwng/Medium: Negydd ffilm / Film negative
Cyfeiriad/Reference: ()
Rhif cofnod / Record no.: 3?
Rhagor o wybodaeth am gasgliad Geoff Charles yn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
More information about the Geoff Charles Collection at the National Library of Wales |
| A Welshman who hitchhiked his way round the world |
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LlGC ~ NLW
Teitl Cymraeg/Welsh title: Cymro a fodiodd ei ffordd rownd y byd
Ffotograffydd/Photographer: Geoff Charles (1909-2002)
Nodyn/Note: Islwyn Roberts of Llanbedr, Merionethshire, who had hitchhiked his way around the world, holding a placard written in French.
Dyddiad/Date: June 12, 1958
Cyfrwng/Medium: Negydd ffilm / Film negative
Cyfeiriad/Reference: (gch19171)
Rhif cofnod / Record no.: 3469972
Rhagor o wybodaeth am gasgliad Geoff Charles yn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
More information about the Geoff Charles Collection at the National Library of Wales |
| Race Day |
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Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums
Gosforth High Street on Race Day nd 1900
Reference: TWAS: dx872/41
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
To purchase a hi-res copy please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk quoting the title and reference number.
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| Restored Phillips Machine, 1993 |
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LSE Library
Extracts from ‘The Phillips Machine Project’ by Nicholas Bar, LSE Magazine, June 1988, No75, p.3
A.W. H. ‘Bill’ Phillips is known worldwide as the originator of the Phillips Curve. Less well known is the remarkable man he was personally, and his extraordinary route to academic prominence via what came to be called the Phillips Machine.
Trained as an electrical engineer in his native New Zealand in the 1930s, he caught the travel bug and took up an engineering job in the Australian outback, where he also earned money by running a cinema and hunting crocodiles. He reached London in 1938 via the Trans-Siberian railway and joined the RAF at the outbreak of war. He was captured in Java and spent most of the war in a Japanese POW camp, where he learned Chinese and some Russian from fellow prisoners.
Back in Britain he took the BSc (Econ) 1946-49, special subject sociology. He developed a great interest in economics…and like many of his generation, became very caught up with Keynesian theory. Though fascinated he found the Keynesian model hard going. With Walter Newlyn (an undergraduate contemporary, later Professor of Economics at Leeds University) to help with the economic theory, he fell back on his engineering training. He saw that money stocks could be represented as tanks of water, and monetary flows by water circulating round plastic tubes.
With a grant of £100 (obtained with Newlyn’s help) he spent the summer of 1949 in a garage in Croydon ‘living on air’ as James Meade was later to put it, working on a hydraulic representation of the Keynesian model.
In the machine he constructed, the circular flow of income was represented by water being pumped round a series of clear plastic tubes, with outflows representing savings, taxes and imports, and inflows representing investment, government spending and exports. The model had three tanks representing the stock of money, one for transaction balances and one for foreign-held sterling balances. The whole system determined the level of income, the rate of interest, imports, exports and the exchange to an accuracy (astonishing at the time) of +two per cent. The time path of income and the other variables was traced out by plotter pens making it possible to analyse the quantitative effects of economic policy.
The machine, in the jargon, was a hydraulic representation of an open economy IS-LM model with an explicit underlying dynamic structure. It was this very Heath Robinson prototype which, with the enthusiastic support of James Meade (then Professor of Commerce at the School), Phillips demonstrated to Lionel Robbins’ seminar in November 1949. Those attending gazed in wonder at this large (7ft high x 5ft wide x 3ft deep) ‘thing’ in the middle of the room. Phillips, chain smoking, paced back and forth explaining it in a heavy New Zealand drawl, in the process giving one of the best lectures on Keynes that anyone in the audience had ever heard. Then he switched the machine on. And it worked! According to Lord Robbins’ recollections, “there was income dividing itself into consumption and saving…Keynes and Robertson need never have quarrelled if they had had the Phillips Machine before them”…Phillips was made an Assistant Lecturer in Economics in 1950, Lecturer 1951, Reader 1954, and Tooke Professor of Economic Science and Statistics in 1958 (the year his Phillips Curve paper was published). He took up a Chair at the Australian National University in 1967 and, having suffered a major stroke, retired to Auckland in 1970, where he died five years later aged 60, mourned by many friends for personal as much for professional reasons.’
IMAGELIBRARY/442
Persistent URL: archives.lse.ac.uk/dserve.exe?dsqServer=lib-4.lse.ac.uk&a...
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| French troops on the road moving up with British Tommies on the roadside near the Line |
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National Library of Scotland
French and British soldiers, dressed in full military kit, travelling on their way to the trenches at the front line. The French troops are wearing light-coloured army coats and are walking besides their pack-mules. The British troops are wearing their caps, and are watching the French troops from the side of the road. This photograph was taken by Tom Aitken, and may well have been used for propaganda purposes.
Britain and France became allies as a result of their collective fear of Germany. When Germany formed the Triple Alliance with Austro-Hungary and Italy in 1882, Britain and France signed the Entente Cordiale in 1904. This became a Triple Entente in 1907 when Russia also became an ally. Some historians claim that all these pacts and alliances did was to ensure that if one country declared war, all the other countries would inevitably be dragged into the conflict since they were all chained together.
[Original reads: 'OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN ON THE BRITISH WESTERN FRONT IN FRANCE. French troops on the road moving up with British Tommies on the roadside near the Line.']
digital.nls.uk/74548994 |
| Two men on the deck of a ship |
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National Media Museum
Two men on the deck of a ship, about 1890
National Media Museum - Kodak Gallery Collection
We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions of the original physical version of apply though; if you're unsure please visit the National Media Museum website.
For obtaining reproductions of selected images please go to the Science and Society Picture Library. |
| CO 1069-214-63 |
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The National Archives UK
Description: Railway Travel in South Africa.
Location: South Africa
Our Catalogue Reference: Part of CO 1069/214
This image is part of the Colonial Office photographic collection held at The National Archives, uploaded as part of the Africa Through a Lens project. Feel free to share it within the spirit of the Commons.
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